Rain Forests

        Indian Natural Vegetation

  Tropical Evergreen or Rain Forests:

(a) Climatic Conditions: These forests are found in the areas where the annual rainfall is more than 200 cm, average annual temperature is between 25 degree Celcius and 27 degree Celcius and average annual humidity exceeds 77 percent.

(b) Distribution: These forests are chiefly distributed in the heavy rainfall areas of the western slopes of the Western Ghats, hills of north-eastern region and the islands groups of Lakshadweep, the Andaman and Nicobar and Tamil Nadu coast.

(c) Characteristic Features: 
    i> Since this region remains warm and wet throughout the year, it has a luxuriant vegetation of all kinds -- trees, shurbs and creepers giving it a multi-layered structure.
    ii> Trees reach greats heights of more than 60 m.
    iii> The carpet layers of herbs and grasses cannot grow because of the dense canopy of trees which do not allow enough sunlight to reach the ground.
    iv> The trees in these forests do not have a fixed time to shed their leaves, to flower or for fruition. That is why these forests appear green all the year around.

The main variety of trees found in these forests include rosewood, ebony, mahogany, toon, chaplas, sissoo, gurjan telsur,etc.

(d) Economical Value: Tropical Evergreen forests produce various plant species of high economic value. The timber produced is hard, durable and fine-grained. However due to tangled mass of canes, palms, bamboos, ferns and climbers along with the lack of means of transport, these forests have not been fully exploited.










 

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